Fossil Fuels
For centuries, coal, oil, and gas have provided the backbone of our energy makeup and were responsible for propelling our societies into the modern era. Moving into the energy transition, big questions endure about what role these historically important fuels will play in our future.
Recent Work
Digest
It is clear that emission reductions alone will not cool our warming planet. A portfolio of carbon capture solutions is necessary—including direct removal from the atmosphere.
Report
In the wintertime, Mongolia's cold capital city faces horrific air quality that has become a public health crisis. But saying goodbye to coal in Ulaanbaatar is not just an energy challenge, it's an urban design challenge.
Oil & Gas
Digest
Serial bankruptcies, terrifying explosions, and permanent closure at the largest oil refinery on the U.S. eastern seaboard preview the challenges of the energy transition in the real world, which often starts brown before it goes green.
Report
PGW, Philadelphia’s municipally-owned gas company, is responsible for one-fifth of the city’s carbon emissions. How can an old gas company learn new carbon-neutral tricks? Explore two options.
Featured Researcher
Anna Mikulska
Nonresident Scholar, Baker Institute
Anna Mikulska is an expert on European energy markets and energy policy. She is a senior fellow at the Kleinman Center and a non-resident fellow with the Center for Energy Studies at Rice University's Baker Institute for Public Policy.